Illegal Beings（ISBN=9780521853286） mobi 下载 网盘 caj lrf pdf txt 阿里云

　　Many people think human reproductive cloning should be a

crime. In America some states have already outlawed cloning and

Congress is working to enact a national ban. Meanwhile, scientific

research continues, both in America and abroad and soon

reproductive cloning may become possible. If that happens, cloning

cannot be stopped. Infertile couples and others will choose to have

babies through cloning, even if they have to break the law. This

book explains that the most common objections to cloning are false

or exaggerated. The objections reflect and inspire unjustified

stereotypes about human clones and anti-cloning laws reinforce

these stereotypes and stigmatize human clones as subhuman and

unworthy of existence. This injures not only human clones, but also

the egalitarianism upon which our society is based. Applying the

same reasoning used to invalidate racial segregation, this book

argues that anti-cloning laws violate the equal protection

guarantee and are unconstitutional.

Introduction

Part I. Five Common Objections to Human Reproductive Cloning

Reflect, Reinforce, and Inspire Stereotypes about Human Clones: 1.

Does human reproductive cloning offend God and nature?

2. Should children be begotten and not made?

3. Do human clones lack individuality?

4. Could human clones destroy humanity?

5. Does human reproductive cloning harm participants and produce

children with birth defects?

Part II. Anti-Cloning Laws Are Bad Public Policy: 6. What

anti-cloning laws say and do

7. The five objections have inspired anti-cloning laws

8. Anti-cloning laws reflect a policy of existential

segregation

9. The costs of anti-cloning laws outweigh their benefits

Part III. Anti-Cloning Laws Violate the Equal Protection Guarantee

and Are Unconstitutional: 10. Anti-cloning laws classify human

clones and are subject to strict scrutiny

11. Anti-cloning laws inflict judicially cognizable injuries that

confer standing

12. Anti-cloning laws violate the equal protection guarantee

Conclusion.

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